Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 52

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 52

Schools can create innovative, problem-solving leaders of the future and we need to ensure that we are able to create a sizeable number of entrepreneurs and innovators through the innovation initiatives of the country. The same can be done by establishment of the model followed by Atal Tinkering Labs and by the establishment of incubators in graduate colleges.

At the grassroots, a cultural shift in attitude towards entrepreneurship through education and awareness and through incentivization of relevant product innovations with commercial and social impact can go a long way in achieving the equity in the growing innovation ecosystem. This shall not only trigger and incentivise entrepreneurial thinking but also minimise the fear of risk-taking and risk management. Recognising this need, the Government of India has setup the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) to promote a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in the country. AIM's objective is to develop new programmes and policies for fostering innovation in different sectors of the economy, provide platform and collaboration opportunities for stakeholders, and create awareness and create an umbrella structure to oversee the innovation ecosystem of the country.

Atal Innovation Mission has adopted a holistic framework to achieve its objective of creating a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in the country. It is doing so by taking on a lifecycle approach of not only building an entrepreneur but also supporting them with the right institutional development and further grants-in-aid mechanism.

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 51

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 51

Business leaders in the last few years have started appreciating the existence of the startup ecosystem and have started challenging themselves to innovate relentlessly and continuously to keep up their numbers. Major conglomerates have introduced new product offerings trying to fulfil the existing and unserved demands by disrupting across the complete product value chain.

Governments and regulators have learnt the knack of being updated with the changing innovation ecosystem and have started updating the regulations to accept the ever-changing ecosystem to attain worldwide competitive position. The added pressure of understanding the ecosystem and updating regulations does create a major challenge on some occasions but the promising journey has begun.

With technology being the driver for the future generation, the need for a check on the moral and ethical boundaries of the use of technology for providing better outcomes is an unanswered question. This does add some grey areas which will need to be checked.

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 50

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 50

Demands are rapidly evolving and with this is changing the tastes of the customer. This adds pressure on industries to be more focused on high growth and quick adaptability resulting in higher rates of acquisitions and restructuring.

Incremental changes and innovations are not creating sustainable margins and hence to derive higher value and lead the competitive advantage, companies have had to focus more on their R&D, leading to research on application of next-gen technologies like genetic engineering, Internet of Things (IoT), 5G, quantum computing, etc. Startups have been a key generator of IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) in the last few years and are well poised to take on the future.

As the penetration of digital technologies increase, a huge volume of data is being generated. Organisations are reinventing their business models with a need to deal with increasing data, maintaining transparency and dissemination of information through their value chain network along with capitalizing on the information available to create new bundle of products.

Science and technology is progressing exponentially creating new opportunities of growth every few years. The ever changing technological paradigm shifts the need for highly skilled workforce which is currently at a dearth. The cost of training individuals is growing but the solutions have started coming from a nascent startup ecosystem in the country and they believe in fail fast ideology. Impact of changing trends in the field of science and technology.

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 49

 Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 49

The last few years have seen innovation in India reach a tipping point. The emergence of Indian unicorns along with their growing numbers has caused a huge participation in the startup ecosystem. India, as a country, is surrounded by challenges that demand innovative nonlinear solutions. The challenges to be addressed are intertwined and are related to poverty, education, healthcare, and the environment. With the confluence of a unique demographic dividend where over 150 million students will be entering into the workforce over the next few years and one of the fastest growing major economies of the world; affordable, advanced, accessible technologies enabling rapid prototyping and deployment of innovations in every sphere of life will become a necessity. The Government of India is taking major steps to create and promote an ecosystem of innovation and entrepreneurship. One such significant intervention is the flagship initiative Atal Innovation Mission which focuses on building a culture of innovation to help transform a nation of job seekers to a nation of researchers, innovators, and job creators. Innovation plays a key role in the economic development of any nation, and the various technological changes contribute considerably to the development of developing economies.

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 48

 Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 48

 With all this happening at such an incredible pace worldwide, what is it that we see missing in India today? May be a holistic innovation ecosystem which allows the cognitive capacity of our ever-growing workforce to express themselves as innovators and job creators. With over 1.35 billion people, close to a million schools, around 10,500 engineering establishments and a similar number of business schools, we need to ensure that the future generations are enabled and are able to realise their true potential and get opportunity to express and innovate. We need to address issues such as the need to update curricula as per the growing industry requirements, communication skills and techniques to improve technical writing. We should also focus on institutional strategies to increase the visibility of research conducted by scientists and financing of entrepreneurial activities; to promote and create incentives for commercializing innovations which are worthy and promote talent which aims at socio-economic improvement of the society at large. The Indian government has actively identified the policy gaps that exist in the industrial and innovation ecosystem and is implementing appropriate reforms to address and accelerate the growth of the ecosystem. The efforts can be seen bearing fruits as we see improvement in the Ease of Doing Business rankings. There have also been numerous Productivity Linked Incentives (PLI) schemes which have been rolled out in the last 18 months to provide acceleration to the manufacturing sector. All these and many more positive steps are being taken to ensure a leapfrog development of the Indian ecosystem.

 

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 47

 Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 47

Science and technology play a pivotal role in the development of a nation, be it economic, social, or holistic demographic development. India has one of the strongest networks of science and technology institutions and a sizeable pool of highly skilled workforce. India has been steadily rising in the Global Innovation Index (GII) rankings and is currently ranked 46th position. India is one of the youngest countries entering the next decade, with 64% of the population in the working-age group. MNCs like Samsung, Bosch, Microsoft, CISCO, etc. have turned their focus on India to leverage the capability we have to offer. This provides a huge opportunity for the young, ambitious, and increasingly educated youth to become job creators rather than being job seekers. The world is changing and we as humans are learning to adapt with it but this would have been an impossible journey without the support of the growing startup ecosystem. Radical technological advancements are transforming the world and are giving rise to new innovations at an exponential rate. Electronics miniaturization has enabled a computer which was of the size of a room to becoming hand-held. With the convergence of computing, storage, and communications at incredibly lower costs the miniaturization shall be even more transformational. Robotics and artificial intelligence are the driving forces of the next generation leading to higher productivity and efficient automation.

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 46

 

In India, social idealism and political-idealism were opposed to each other. Ambedkar earnestly wished that the political idealism of the majority would become the social idealism of all. The essence of his allIndia leadership could be seen in his loyalty to his community. He always placed the freedom and welfare of his community above the attainment of swaraj. But when swaraj was in sight he made a compromise with the national leadership. He did not dominate politics, but influenced important political decisions. Though he was the leader of his community he tried to secularise Indian politics. Impact of the west, rule of law, equality of citizens, political participation in law-making and policy decisions, massive efforts of social reforms by Raja Rammohan Roy, Ranade, Phooley, Agarkar and others; democratic liberalism, adult franchise--were some of the factors which contributed to the secular trends in Indian politics. The Preamble of the Indian Constitution is a unique instance. Dr. Ambedkar was a contributor to the above trend. National integration was a burning problem. Education and economic development, rational and empirical outlook, modern science and technology, secular outlook to socioeconomic problems and constitutional approach contributed much to national integration. Ambedkar discarded separatist tendencies, and tried to become one with the national trend. In this respect his contribution to national integration was great. He vitalised the national life of India. His constructive statesmanship carved a definite place for him in the line of the nation builders.

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 45

 

Ambedkar adopted the following principles in his political thinking: recognition of the force of nationalism; crusade for social, economic and political freedom in terms of liberty, equality and fraternity; a dislike for any type of imperialism-political, social, economic or religious; a commitment to constitutional methods as the only way, a detestation for violence and a love for justice and peace; a bias for democratic dynamism which sees man as the maker of civilisation and culture and as having the potential to rise on the basis of love and knowledge. Ambedkar had submitted to the R.T.C. a scheme of political safeguards for the protection of the Depressed Classes in the future Constitution of a self-governing India. He demanded : (1) equal citizenship and fundamental rights; (2) declaring the practice of 'untouchability' as illegal; (3) free enjoyment of 'Equal Rights' protected by adequate constitutional remedies; (4) protection against discrimination; (5) adequate representation of the Depressed Classes in the Legislatures; adult suffrage and separate electorates to the Depressed Classes for ten years; (6) adequate representation in services; (7) redress against prejudicial action or neglect of interests-facilities for education, etc.; (8) special departmental care, special minister and welfare bureaus; and (9) seat in the Cabinet. If we examine the above demands, we can clearly remark that all these have been already brought into practice--thanks to the untiring efforts of Ambedkar and progressive democratic traditions of Indian nationalism. The Karachi Congress Resolution on fundamental rights was passed as early as April 1931. Gandhiji made removal of untouchability as one of the important programmes of the national movement. He said in 1920, "Without the removal of that taint, swaraj is meaningless."

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 44

 

Ambedkar was a learned scholar, distinguished educationist, masterly statesman, powerful debater, daring liberator, authoritative constitutionalist, able administrator, famous defender of the revolutionary social reformation movement and a fearless champion of the downtrodden masses. Culture, wisdom, wit, humanism, instinct of reason, spirit of rationalism, reasonable ruthlessness for inequality, contempt for injustice and superstitions were harmoniously blended in right proportions. He was a versatile genius. Gandhiji remarked that he was fierce and fearless. He borrowed evidence from the scriptures to show that discrimination had been made part of religion to facilitate exploitation of bulk of the people by those who had managed to place themselves at the highest rung of the social ladder. He subordinated the national struggle for independence and gave priority to the social emancipation of the untouchables. Gandhiji stressed that swaraj would be unattainable without the removal of untouchability. The nationalist movement was influenced by the above teachings of Gandhiji. Ambedkar united the untouchables, raised them to the level of human beings and put them on the social and political map of India. Because of his leadership the bonds between elite and masses have grown and an active educated middle class has been created which is to a great extent absorbed in government service. He realised that the political enemy of the untouchables in a democracy where the majority ruled, was not the Brahmin, (Though he was against Brahminism), but the dominant agricultural caste. He gave insistence on rights and privileges, to abolish Mahar Watan, and there by tried to break feudal bonds.

Translation (English-Hindi) Exercise – 43

 

Dr. Ambedkar considered the foundations of religion to be essential to life and practices of society. According to him, religion was apart of one's "social inheritance". He wanted religion, but he did not want hypocrisy in the name of religion. Religion, to him, was the driving force for human activity. He remarked, "Man cannot live by bread alone. He has a mind which needs food for thought." He linked religion with the social well-being of the people. Ambedkar's journey to Buddhism can be traced over a span of about forty years. At the age of sixteen Keluskar gave him a copy of the life of Gautam Buddha. In 1945 he attended a Buddhist conference. On 20th June 1946, on behalf of People's Education Society, he started a college and named it Siddharth College. In 1948, he wrote a foreword to L. Narasu's book--'The essence of Buddhism'. In 1950, he took part in the first Modern Buddhist procession in Delhi. In December 1954, he took part in the Third World Federation of Buddhists. It is said that there he made up his mind to embrace Buddhism. Ambedkar was inclined towards Buddhism openly from May 1956. On 24th May 1956 he declared on the day of Buddha Jayanti celebrations at Nare Park in Bombay that he would embrace Buddhism in October 1956. On 23rd September 1956, he issued a press note announcing that his conversion to Buddhism would take place at Nagpur on the Dassahra day, October 14, 1956 between 9 and 11 a.m. He himself preferred Nagpur which was a historic town where the Buddhist Nagas flourished in ancient times. It is said that he deliberately waited up to the 2500th birthday of Buddha.